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Table 2 Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is involved in vitamin K3 (VK3) and vitamin C (VC) toxic effect on Jurkat leukemia cells.

From: Vitamin K3 and vitamin C alone or in combination induced apoptosis in leukemia cells by a similar oxidative stress signalling mechanism

Treatment/Assay

AO/EB

(%)

DCF

(%)

Untreated

< 1 ± 0

2 ± 1

VC (10 mM)

26 ± 2

28 ± 2

VK3 (10 μM)

35 ± 3

39 ± 3

VK3 (10 μM) + VC (10 mM)

48 ± 3

55 ± 3

CP55,940 (10 nM)

< 1 ± 0

1 ± 1

CP55,940 (10 nM) + VC (10 mM)

1 ± 1b

1 ± 1b

CP55,940 (10 nM) + VK3 (10 μM)

2 ± 1a

8 ± 2a

CP55,940 (10 nM) + VC (10 mM) + VK3 (10 μM)

3 ± 1c

14 ± 2c

NAC (1 mM)

< 1 ± 0

1 ± 0

NAC (1 mM) + VC (10 mM)

2 ± 1b

7 ± 2b

NAC (1 mM) + VK3 (10 μM)

4 ± 1a

12 ± 2a

NAC (1 mM) + VC (10 mM) + VK3 (10 μM)

7 ± 1c

20 ± 2c

  1. Jurkat cells (1 × 106 cell/mL) were left untreated or treated with VC (10 mM) or VK3 (10 μM) alone or with VC (10 mM): VK3 (10 μM) in the absence or presence of the antioxidant CP55,940 (10 nM) and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC, 1 mM) at 37 °C for 24 h. After this time, nuclear morphological changes and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation were evaluated using acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH2-DA) staining, as described in Material and Methods. Positive apoptotic nuclei and green fluorescent dichlorofluorescein (DCF) positive cells percentage is expressed as mean of percentage (%) ± S.D. from three independent experiments. A one-way ANOVA analysis was performed, p < 0.0001. aSignificantly different from VK3 by Bonferroni post-ho c analysis for DCF and Games-Howell post hoc comparison for AO/EB. bSignificantly different from VC by Bonferroni post-ho c analysis for DCF and Games-Howell post hoc comparison for AO/EB. cSignificantly different from VK3-VC by Bonferroni post-ho c analysis for DCF and Games-Howell post hoc comparison for AO/EB.
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Cancer Cell International

ISSN: 1475-2867

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