From: Stem cells, senescence, neosis and self-renewal in cancer
Properties | Trophoblast | Tumor cell |
---|---|---|
1. Subject to ageing and senescence | Yes | Yes |
2. Polyploidization by endomitosis and endoreduplication | Yes | Yes |
3. Polyploid giant cell undergoes neosis | Yes | Yes |
4. Activation of telomerase | Yes | Yes |
5. Multiple neotic offspring | Yes | Yes |
6. Degradation and migration through extracellular matrix | Yes | Yes |
7. Secretion of proteases degrades extracellular matrix | Yes | Yes |
8. Invasive properties | Yes | Yes |
9. Proteolysis of thrombin receptor | Yes | Yes |
10. Stimulation of invasive properties | Yes | Yes |
11. Evasion of immune rejection | Yes | Yes |
12. Activation of protooncogenes | Yes | Yes |
13. Growth control by tumor suppressor genes | Yes. Under normal circumstances | No – Lost during neoplastic transformation |
14. MLS of Raju cells or their equivalent | Limited MLS and perish at the end of pregnancy | Limited. Can extend MLS via repetitive S/T-neosis. |