Skip to main content
Fig. 5 | Cancer Cell International

Fig. 5

From: Blocking ERK1/2 signaling impairs TGF-β1 tumor promoting function but enhances its tumor suppressing role in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells

Fig. 5

Effects of Smad2/3 and Slug silencing on ERK1/2 activation and biological processes in h-TGF-β1-induced KKU-M213 cells. Smad2/3 and Slug expression in KKU-M213 cells were inhibited using specific siRNA for 24 h. After 48 h of transfection, cells were treated with or without 5 ng/mL h-TGF-β1 in 0.1% FBS media for 24 h, followed by analysis for levels of specific proteins in the cell lysate by immunoblotting (a), cell migration (b) and invasion (c) by in vitro. Transwell assays and level of MMP-9 in conditioned media by gelatin zymography (d). For immunoblotting and zymography, data are representative of the results obtained from three independent experiments. Immunoblot quantitative data are shown in Additional file 3: Figure 3. For Transwell assay, data are presented as mean ± SEM of percent change in number of invaded cells compared to h-TGF-β-treated condition obtained from three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001

Back to article page