Fig. 1

Morphological change in A498 cells. a Light microscopy images of A498 cells treated with CsA (10 µM) for 48 h. Magnification ×10. Scale bar—20 µm. Upper panel—bright field images of A498 cell morphology with or without CsA treatment. Lower panel—CsA treated A498 cells, stained with acridine orange and visualized under fluorescent microscope in a blue filter. Magnification—×10, ×20. b Change in cell shape with TGF-β treatment: A498 cells were treated with or without TGF-β (5 ng/ml) for 48 h. Bright field images showing change in morphology after treatment and cells acquire spindle shaped morphology. Magnification: ×10 and ×20. c Graphical representation of average cell size in control and CsA treated A498 cells. Statistical comparison represents average cell size in minimum 10 fields. Data is represented as mean ± SD. P value *< 0.05, **< 0. d Bar diagram showing comparison between average area of the cells with and without TGF-β treatment. Area of at least 20 cells were measured by using ImageJ software. Data is represented as mean ± SD. P value ***< 0.0001. e Atomic force microscopy images of A498 cells treated with or without TGF-β (5 ng/ml) for 48 h. Young modulus was calculated at different points (blue dots) on the surface of the cell