Fig. 6

HVJ-E-induced apoptosis was promoted by the ERK-autophagy pathway in HeLa cells. HeLa cells were infected with HVJ-E at the indicated MOI. a, b Cells were pretreated with rapamycin or chloroquine (CQ) prior to HVJ-E infection. The rate of apoptosis was tested by flow cytometry. c Cells were treated as described above. The expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, PARP, and LC3-II were measured by Western blot. d, e Cells were pretreated with or without U0126 prior to HVJ-E infection. The apoptotic rate was determined by flow cytometry. f, g Cells were treated as described above. The phosphorylation of ERK and the cleavage of caspase-3 were measured by Western blot. β-Actin was used as a loading control. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01