Table 1 Compendium of miRNAs with potential as bio-markers for inflammatory breast cancer
From: Expression signatures and roles of microRNAs in inflammatory breast cancer
miRNAs | Breast cancer type | Sample | Roles | Expression | Expression signatures and clinical correlations | Predicted targeted genes | Pathways | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
miR-301b | IBC/non-IBC | Primary tissue | Diagnosis | Up-regulated | Highly over-expressed in IBC samples, high expression was associated with higher grade in IBC, and higher grade, ER negativity and stage III in non-IBC | FOXF2, BBC3, PTEN, COL2A1 | Proliferation, invasion | |
miR-451 | IBC | Serum | Diagnosis | Down-regulated | The most down-regulated miRNAs in IBC, able to enhance tamoxifen sensitive | MIF, YWHAZ | Proliferation, colony formation, invasion | |
miR-15a | IBC | Serum | Diagnosis | Down-regulated | Lower in HER2+ IBC patients | CCNE1, CDCA4, BCL2L2, YAP1, AKT-3, SNCG | Proliferation, invasion, apoptosis | |
miR-342-3p | IBC | Plasma | Diagnosis | Down-regulated | Lower in pre-menopausal IBC patients, associated with ER levels | ID4 | Apoptosis | |
miR-342-5p | IBC/non-IBC | Serum | Diagnosis | Down-regulated | Lower in post-menopausal IBC patients, associated with ER levels | ID4 | Apoptosis | |
miR-24 | IBC/non-IBC | Plasma | Diagnosis | Up-regulated | Significantly higher in post-menopausal IBC/non-IBC patients | CDKN1B | Proliferation, apoptosis | |
miR-19a | IBC | Serum | Prognosis | Up-regulated | High levels of serum miR-19a is a predictive bio-marker for favorable clinical outcome in patients with metastatic HER2+ IBC | Fra-1 and its downstream genes (VEGF, STAT3 and pSTAT3) | Progression, metastasis | |
miR-7 | IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | Up-regulated | High expression was associated with ER (+) status in IBC, also associated with prolonged MFS of IBC patients | EGFR, IGF1R, Wave3 | Proliferation, metastasis, invasion | |
miR-324-5p | IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | Up-regulated | Up-regulation of miR-324-5p was related to prolonged MFS in IBC phenotype | CUEDC2 | Invasion, metastasis | |
miR-21 | IBC/non-IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | Up-regulated | Increased level of miR-21 was associated with higher grade in IBC, and higher stages and unfavorable molecular subtypes in non-IBC | PDCD4, PTEN, SPRY2 BCL2, TPM1, MASPIN | Migration, invasion, metastasis | |
miR-205 | IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | Down-regulated | Down-regulated in IBC and lower expression of miR-205 was associated with shorter distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival | ZEB1, ZEB2, HER3, AMOT, erbB2/erbB3 | Proliferation, invasion, metastasis | |
miR-29a, miR-30b and miR-520a-5p | IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | – | Significant associations between specific miRNA target gene expression and patient outcome (DMFS, RFS and OS) | BRWD1, NRIP1, RAPGEF6, TMPO, ABCE1… | Proliferation, invasion, metastasis | |
miR-520a-5p | IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | Up-regulated | Higher levels of IBC specific miR-520a-5p target gene expression with a shorter DMFS, RFS or OS in non-IBC | TMPO, ABCE1, KPNA1, PTP4A2… | Invasion, metastasis | [74] |
A 5-miRNA signature (miR-421, miR-486, miR-503, miR-720 and miR-1303) | IBC/non-IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | – | This signature is predictive for IBC phenotype with an overall accuracy of 89%, also an independent predictor of poor metastasis-free survival in non-IBC patients | FXR, DPC4/Smad4, ATM, ANK, CCND1, TWIST1, GSK3β, SFRP1, CLDN18 | Proliferation, invasion, migration, metastasis | |
miR-421 | IBC/non-IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | Up-regulated | Up-regulated in IBC, higher miR-421 expression associated with higher histological grade in non-IBC and IBC and a significant poorer MFS in non-IBC | FXR, DPC4/Smad4, ATM | Proliferation, migration | |
miR-486 | IBC/non-IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | Up-regulated | Over-expressed in IBC, higher miR-486 expression levels associated with longer MFS in non-IBC | ANK | Proliferation, apoptosis | |
miR-503 | IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | Up-regulated | Most highly over-expressed in IBC, high miR-503 expression was correlated with higher stage breast cancer | CCND1 | Proliferation | |
miR-720 | IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | Up-regulated | Significantly up-regulated in both IBC/nonIBC and IBC/normal | TWIST1 | Invasion, migration | |
miR-1303 | IBC | Primary tissue | Prognosis | Down-regulated | miR-1303 was down-regulated in IBC/non-IBC, and high expression was associated with estrogen receptor positive status in IBC | GSK3β, SFRP1, CLDN18 | Proliferation, invasion |