Fig. 2From: The anti-cancer effects of fucoidan: a review of both in vivo and in vitro investigationsAction mechanism of fucoidan on activation of macrophages and NK cells [54]. a Fucoidan binds to specific glycoprotein receptors in macrophage cell membranes and activates MAPKs, thereby inducing the activation of transcription factors. b Activated macrophages release cytokines such as IL-12, which can activate T-cell and NK cellBack to article page