Table 2 The summary of validated circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axes in lung cancer

LAC

Tissues

Plasma

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

3. Cell apoptosis

4. Cell migration

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

Diagnostic values

AUC: 0.815

Sensitivity: 0.755

Specificity: 0.796

[69, 70]

NSCLC

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

–

–

[41]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

3. Cell apoptosis

4. Cell migration

1. T stage

2. Lymph node metastases

3. TNM stage

4. Poor differentiation

–

[71]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell apoptosis

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[72]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

3. Cell apoptosis

4. Cell migration

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Poor differentiation

4. Survival rate

–

[73, 74]

LAC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

1. Tumor size

–

[75]

LAC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell apoptosis

1. Poor differentiation

2. TNM stage

3. Lymph node metastasis

–

[76]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

4. Cell apoptosis

1. Histological grade

2. N stage

3. TNM stage

–

[77]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

–

–

[80]

LAC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell apoptosis

1. TNM stage

2. Tumor size

3. T stage

4. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[42]

LAC

Tissues

–

1. T stage

2. Distant metastasis

Diagnostic values

AUC: 0.815

[81]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

4. Cell apoptosis

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[82]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

4. Cell apoptosis

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[83]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

1. Tumor size

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[84]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

4. Cell apoptosis

1. Poor differentiation

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. T stage and N stage

4. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[85]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cell

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell apoptosis

–

–

[86]

NSCLC

Cells

Mice

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

–

–

[87]

LAC

Tissues

Cells

Mice

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

4. Cell apoptosis

4. TNM stage

–

[88]

NSCLC

Tissues

cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Tumor size

4. Poor differentiation

5. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[89]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

Mice

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

1. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[90]

NSCLC

Tissues

Blood

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

4. Cell apoptosis

1. Distant metastasis

Diagnostic values

Tissues:

AUC: 0.803

Sensitivity: 0.825

Specificity: 0.675

Serum:

AUC: 0.794

Sensitivity: 0.711

Specificity: 0.800

[91]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell apoptosis

1. Tumor size

2. TNM stage

3. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[92]

LAC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell apoptosis

1. TNM stage

2. Tumor size

3. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[93]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

3. Cell apoptosis

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

–

[94]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

3. Cell apoptosis

–

Diagnostic values

AUC: 0.643

Sensitivity: 0.725

Specificity: 0.575

[95]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

1. TNM stage

2. Distant metastasis

3. Poor differentiation

–

[96]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

4. Cell apoptosis

1. Lymph node metastasis

2. Poor differentiation

3. Survival rate

–

[97]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

4. Cell apoptosis

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[98]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

3. Cell apoptosis

1. TNM stage

2. T stage

3. Poor differentiation

4. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[99]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell migration

2. Cell invasion

1. Lymph node metastasis

2. Prognostic value

Prognostic value

[100]

NSCLC

TISSUES

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

4. Cell apoptosis

–

–

[101]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

4. Cell apoptosis

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

Prognostic value

[102]

SCLC

Tissues

Blood

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell apoptosis

1. Lymph node metastasis

2. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[103]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

1. Patients’ age (particularly after the age of 60)

2. TNM stage

–

[104]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell invasion

3. Cell apoptosis

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[105]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell invasion

2. Cell metastasis

–

–

[106]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[107]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[108]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

3. Cell apoptosis

–

–

[109]

NSCLC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

–

Diagnostic values

AUC: 0.782

Sensitivity: 0.800

Specificity: 0.733

[110]

LAC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell migration

2. Cell invasion

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

–

[111]

LAC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

1. TNM stage

2. Lymph node metastasis

3. Tumor size

4. Survival rate

Prognostic value

[112]

LAC

Tissues

Cells

1. Cell proliferation

2. Cell migration

3. Cell invasion

1. T stage

2. Cell proliferation

3. Cell migration and invasion

–

[113]