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Table 1 The pathophysiologic processes modulated by USP4

From: USP4 function and multifaceted roles in cancer: a possible and potential therapeutic target

Authors, year

Pathophysiologic processes

Deubiquitinated targets

Effects to the deubiquitinated targets

Detailed mechanisms

Refs.

Zhu et al., 2018

Liver fibrosis

TβRI

Stabilization

HSC and EMT activation; liver fibrosis enhancement

[51]

Zhao et al., 2018

NAFLD pathogenesis

TAK1

Inactivation

Alleviation NAFLD progression through inactivation of NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways

[53]

Zhou et al., 2019

Hepatic I/R injury

TAK1

Inactivation

Alleviation hepatic I/R injury by inhibiting inflammatory caused by NF-κB signaling pathway

[54]

Zhou et al., 2012

Innate immune response and immune homeostasis

TRAF6

Inactivation

Inhibition of the immunoinflammatory response caused by TLR/IL-1R-induced NF-κB activation

[56]

Yang et al., 2015

Th17 cell function

RORγt

Stabilization

IL-17 expression upregulation

[57]

Lin et al., 2017

Treg cell function

IRF8

Stabilization

Enhancement of IL-10, TGF-β expression to promote Treg cell function

[60]

Guo et al., 2017

Th2 cell function

IRF4

Stabilization

Enhancement of IL-4 expression to promote Th2 cell function

[61]

Jiang et al., 2017

Spinal cord injury

TRAF6

Inactivation

Inhibition of secondary spinal cord injury through NF-κB inactivation

[63]

Wang et al., 2013

Antiviral response

RIG-I

Stabilization

Activation of RIG-I-induced IFN-β signaling pathway and VSV replication inhibition

[70]

Xu et al., 2018

Antiviral response

TRAF6

Stabilization

Activation of TRAF6-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway and EV 71 replication inhibition

[71]

Wijinhoven et al., 2015

DNA breaks repairment

USP4

Stabilization

DNA repairment enhancement

[73]

Zhou et al., 2016

Osteoblast differentiation

Dvl

Inactivation

Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway mediated osteoblast differentiation

[80]

Yun et al., 2017

Myogenesis

HDAC1 and 4

Stabilization

Enhancement of MyoD to inhibit myogenesis

[82]

He et al., 2016

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy

TAK1

Inactivation

Inactivation of TAK1/JNK1/2/p38 to inhibit pathological cardiac hypertrophy

[83]