Fig. 3
From: Protein kinase function of pyruvate kinase M2 and cancer
The proposed mechanism of PKM2 nuclear localization. PKM2 can be phosphorylated at Ser37 by ERK1/2 upon EGFR stimulation or acetylated at Lys433 by p300acetyltransferase. The conformation changes in response to post-translational modification favor the monomeric isoform of PKM2 and expose its nuclear localization signal, leading to nuclear localization. KDM8, a histone lysine demethylase, binds to PKM2, blocking PKM2 tetramer formation and promoting its nuclear translocation. Nuclear PKM2 serves as a protein kinase to phosphorylate histone H3 and transcription factor such as STAT3 or acts as a transcription coactivator to regulate the expression of glycolytic genes and other genes responsible for cell proliferation and tumor growth