Fig. 7

The results of immunohistochemistry (IHC). In total of 29 patients, 15 were diagnosed with liposarcoma (Metastasis occurred in eight patients during follow-up) and 14 were diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma (Metastasis occurred in nine patients during follow-up). Proteins of PAX5 and LTB were shown to be significantly down-regulated in the tumor cells of primary sarcomas with metastasis while the markers of B cells (CD19 and CD 38) were not detected in almost all primary tumor (a). Although CD19 and CD 38 were found in lymph node, as the advice of a pathologist in our hospital, these were not surprising as B cells are abundant in lymph node. Therefore, the IHC results of CD19 and CD 38 did not prove or disprove the hypothesis. Furthermore, in the absence of a good CD19 and CD38 antibody, we considered CD138 (Syndean-1) and SPM310 plasma cell marker antibody (Novus NBP2-34359) as other proven plasma cell markers. However, only four of 29 sarcomas were found plasma cells in the HE staining section of the tumor and none of the four patients had metastases (b). This might be because tumor-infiltrating immune cells tended to be located around the tumor rather than within it, and sarcomas tended to be excised en bloc, so there were no paracancer tissues as a control. Fortunately, the results of Mann–Whitney U test suggested that PAX5 (P < 0.001), LTB (P < 0.001) in were all highly expressed in well differentiated primary sarcomas and primary sarcomas without metastasis (c, d)