Fig. 2

Clinical imaging data of donor patients. a, b Case 1. T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery sequences of MRI showing a high-intensity lesion with the slightly heterologous interior in the posterior of the right thigh (a, arrow). Residual rosary-like tumors along the sciatic nerve were observed using gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed (MR) imaging (b, arrow). c, d Case 2. Positron emission tomography of the whole body showing a bone tumor with a pathological fracture in the left femur and no other oncological lesions (c, arrow). An axial view of the CT scan at the lesser trochanter level showing a lytic bone tumor in the left femur, which had irregular structure and lacked a cortex, and an extraskeletal mass in the posterior part (d, yellow arrowheads). e–f Case 3. Axial view of the T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery MRI sequences showing a primary soft tissue tumor of the right shoulder documented in the previous hospital (e, arrows). The lesion, which showed high-intensity signal, infiltrated the surrounding region. Computed tomography images detected a right axillary mass indicative of metastasis (f, arrow). g–h Case 4. T2-weighted MRI showing the primary soft tissue tumor as a high-intensity lesion at the posterior aspect of the right thigh (g, arrow). A recurrent tumor at the stump of the right hip disarticulation, from which the sample for the PDX model was obtained (h, arrow). i–j Case 5. Short TI inversion recovery imaging in MRI detected the multi-nodular and heterogeneous intensity signal tumor at the left popliteal fossa (i, yellow arrowheads). Positron emission tomography-computed tomography of the whole body showed the abnormal uptake at the tumor with SUVmax of 5.81 (j, arrow)