Fig. 1

The killing funtion to metastasis pancreatic cancer (PC) of Cytotoxic T cells are promoted by vaccinations. Vaccine therapies that can improve CD8+ T cell ability which are effective in targeting PC metastasis. 1) vaccination with peptide-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) combined with the toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 agonist poly-ICLC is a potential therapeutic method for inhibiting PC metastasis by generating CD8+ T cells; 2) DC vaccines can efficiently enhance cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response; 3) the tumor vaccine polyclonal antibody stimulator, which selectively targets gastrin, induces system to produce specific polyclonal anti-gastrin antibodies and then decrease PC growth and metastases by downregulating dense desmoplastic fibrosis in the TME, inducing T cell activation. 4) CA 19-9-targeted antibodies produced in CA 19-9/keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) vaccine-immunized patients to successfully inhibit PC progression. (+) Promote (−) Inhibit