Components | Active chemicals identified | Biological functions | References |
---|---|---|---|
Musk | Macrocyclic compounds such as musk ketone, steroids such as testosterone, estradiol, cholesterol, a variety of amino acids such as aspartic acid, inorganic salts and others | Resist hypoxia and improve cerebral circulation, stimulate cardiac function, increase the amplitude of cardiac contraction and enhance myocardial function, anti-inflammatory effect, stimulate uterus and enhance uterine contraction | |
Calculus bovis | Cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, cholesterol, bilirubin, ergosterol, vitamin D, sodium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, carotenoids, alanine, glycine and other amino acids, as well as mucin, fatty acids and peptides | Sedative, anticonvulsant and antipyretic effects, lower blood pressure and reduce heart rate, induce gallbladder contraction, relax the sphincter of biliary duct and promote bile secretion, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic and lipid-lowering effects, hepatoprotective effects | |
Snake gall | Taurocholic acid, taurogoosedeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, free cholic acid and cholesterol | Anti-inflammatory, antitussive, bacteriostatic, expectorant, antiasthmatic effects and used in the immune regulation and lowering blood pressure | |
The root of Panax notoginseng | Saponins, flavonoid glycosides, amino acids and other active chemicals | Hemostatic effect; shorten bleeding time, lower blood pressure and slow heart rate; reduce myocardial oxygen consumption and oxygen utilization rate, expand cerebrovascular, and enhance cerebrovascular flow; improve humoral immune function; analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging activities | |
Pien Tze Huang | Notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Re, ginsenosides Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenosides Rd, muscone, bile acids, thymol, sodium taurocholate, taurine | Protect against fibrosis, superoxide formation, and lower serum triglyceride; protect from cell death and antivascular spasm; anti-inflammatory effects |