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Table 2 List of commonly-used CAF markers and their expression

From: Fibroblasts in cancer dormancy: foe or friend?

Marker

Some other cells that express the marker

Expression change in CAF

α-SMA

Normal fibroblast, pericyte, smooth muscle cell, cardiomyocyte, breast myoepithelial cell

Upregulated

S100A4 (FSP1)

Normal fibroblast, endothelial cell, neuron, macrophage

Upregulated

Vimentin

Endothelial cell, neuron, adipocyte, breast myoepithelial cell, thyroid gland cell, hematopoietic cell, lymphoid cell

Upregulated

FAP

Activated fibroblast, CD45 + immune cell, smooth muscle cell, epithelial cell, glandular cell in multiple cell

Upregulated

PDGFRα

Astrocyte

Upregulated

PDGFRβ

Normal fibroblast, pericyte, vascular smooth muscle cell, neuron, myocardium

Upregulated

Caveolin (CAV1)

Normal fibroblast, squamous epithelial cell, type I pneumocyte, macrophage, adipocyte,

Upregulated or downregulated

Tenascin C (TNC)

Cancer cell, normal fibroblast

Upregulated

Desmin

Skin fibroblast, pericyte, muscle cell

Downregulated

Cavin-1

Adipocyte, endothelial cell, breast myoepithelial cell, endothelial cell, macrophage, smooth muscle cell

Downregulated

Podoplanin (PDPN)

Lymphatic vessel

Upregulated

Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox-1 (ZEB1)

Adipocyte, smooth muscle cell, endothelial cell, glial cell, myocyte

Upregulated