Exosomal cargos | Clinical significance | Parental cells | Targets of action | Biological/clinical relevance | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
RP11-838N2.4 | Upregulated in patients with erlotinib resistance | HCC827, HCC4006 | FOXO1 | Knockdown of lncRNA RP11-838N2.4 promoted erlotinib-induced cytotoxicity | [96] |
let-7a-5p/BCL2L1 | Predictive biomarkers for poor survival | Lung adenocarcinoma | BCL2L1 | Downregulation of let-7a-5p and elevation of BCL2L1 as predictive biomarkers for poor survival | [14] |
miR-486-5p | Present difference in different TNM stages | Lung adenocarcinoma | NEK2 | MiR-486-5p was responsible for cell cycle arrest as well as the inhibition of cell proliferation and metastasis via targeting NEK2 | [105] |
MDA-9/Syntenin | Associated with poor overall survival | H1299, CL1–5, CL141 | Slug | MDA-9/Syntenin acted as a pivotal adaptor of Slug and it transcriptionally enhanced Slug-mediated EMT | [99] |
miR-619-5p | Diagnostic indicator | A549, H460 | RCAN1.4 | MiR-619-5p targeted RCAN1.4 and promoted angiogenesis. Exosomal miR-619-5p can serve as a diagnostic indicator | [100] |
TTF-1/ NKX2-1 | Favorable prognosis | H1792, HCC44 | GM-CSF/VEGF | Reprogrammed lung adenocarcinoma secreted TME factors in angiogenesis | [85] |
EGFR | Diagnostic biomarker | Lung cancer cell | CD81 | EGFR expression using a targeted ELISA for lung cancer diagnosis | [101] |
miR-106b | Diagnostic biomarker and drug target | Lung cancer cell | PTEN | MiR-106b targeted PTEN, promoted cancer cell migration and invasion | [104] |
LRG1 | Potential therapeutic target | A549 | TGF-β | LRG1 promoted angiogenesis via TGF-β signaling | [86] |
Human brain microvascular endothelial cells | Prognosis of brain metastases | / | (PHB)-1 in Δψm | S100A16 facilitated the survival of SCLC cells through modulating the mitochondrial function | [16] |
ANGPTL4 | Diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target | A549 | Angiogenesis | ANGPTL4 contributed to the migration of A549 cells as well as the angiogenesis of HUVECs | [77] |
miR-100-5p | New insights of DDP resistance | A549 | mTOR | miR-100-5p was absorbed by lung cancer cells and displayed DDP resistance function | [89] |
miR-222-3p | Pognostic biomarker for predicting gemcitabine sensitivity | A549 | SOCS3 | Sera miR-222-3p as a potential prognostic biomarker for predicting worse prognosis and gemcitabine sensitivity | [90] |
miR-208a | Affect the radio-sensitivity of NSCLC | Lung cancer cell | p21 | MiR-208a induced radio-resistance via targeting p21 and AKT/mTOR pathway | [91] |
MicroRNA-200c | Increased the radio-sensitivity | Lung cancer cell | EGFR | MiR-200c improved efficacy of radiotherapy via controlling cancer pro-survival signaling and EMT | [92] |
MicroRNA-148b | Enhance the effects of radiotherapy | A549 | ROCK1 | MiR-148b inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation and the EMT, and increased the radio-sensitivity by inhibiting ROCK1 | [93] |
miR-96 | Serum biomarker of malignant lung cancer | Lung cancer cell/H1299 | LMO7 | MiR-96 promoted lung cancer progression by targeting LMO7 | [94] |
PLAUR | Therapeutic target for gefitinib-resistant | Gefitinib-resistant PC9R cells | EGFR/p-AKT/survivin pathway | PLAUR induced geftinib-resistance through EGFR/p-AKT/survivin signaling pathway | [95] |
miR-564 and miR-658 | Therapeutic target of resistance against gefitinib | Gefitinib-resistant PC-9/ZD | PC-9 cells | MiR-564 and miR-658 induced drug resistance in sensitive cells | [96] |
lncRNA H19 | Decreased the erlotinib resistance | HCC827/A549 | miR-615-3p/ATG7 axis | H19 facilitated erlotinib resistance in NSCLC via miR-615-3p/ATG7 axis | [98] |
Circulating exosome | Higher sensitivity and specificity for T790M detection | NSCLC of patients | / | The combination of exoRNA/DNA and cfDNA for T790M detection has higher sensitivity and specificity | [107] |
YKT6 | Impact prognosis of resected NSCLC patients | A549 | miR-134 and miR-135b | YKT6 regulated exosome release and is in turn regulated by miR-134 and miR-135b | [12] |
Circulating exosome | As a prognostic factor for NSCLC and correlates with tumor stage | NSCLC of patients | / | Plasma exosome was associated with tumour stage and poorer overall survival | [122] |