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Fig. 2 | Cancer Cell International

Fig. 2

From: Cinobufagin-induced DNA damage response activates G2/M checkpoint and apoptosis to cause selective cytotoxicity in cancer cells

Fig. 2

Cinobufagin-induced ROS overload results in oxidative DNA damage. A Representative images of 8-oxoGua immunostaining (scale bar: 10 μm) and B Quantification of 8-oxoGua intensity in single cells. Cells were treated by 100 nM CBG for 3 h. Nuclear 8-oxoGua intensity was quantified by ImageJ, at least 50 cells per sample were analyzed. C Representative images of alkaline comet assay (scale bar: 25 μm) and D Quantification of tail moment in single cells. Cells were treated by 100 nM CBG for 3 h. Tail moment was defined as the product of tail length and fraction of total DNA in the tail and was quantified by the Comet Assay IV software. At least 50 cells per sample were analyzed. E Representative images of 53BP1 immunostaining (scale bar: 25 μm) and F Quantification of 53BP1-positive cells. Cells were treated by 100 nM CBG for 3 h (E) or for the indicated times (F). At least 5000 cells per treatment group were analyzed. n.s.: not significant, ***: p < 0.001, ****: p < 0.0001 vs vehicle control or NAC-treated group (n = 3)

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