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Fig. 9 | Cancer Cell International

Fig. 9

From: Cancer and diabetes: the interlinking metabolic pathways and repurposing actions of antidiabetic drugs

Fig. 9

Antitumor mechanism of Thiazolidinediones (TZDs). These drugs inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells either through peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)-dependent or PPARγ-independent mechanisms. In PPARγ-dependent mechanism, the activation of PPARγ receptor by these drugs switch on the transcription of various target genes which in turn help in suppressing the growth of tumor. In PPARγ- independent mechanisms TZDs blocks the mTOR pathway by activation of AMPK), inhibits the expression of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes as well as induction of cyclins degradation. AMP adenosine monophosphate

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