Fig. 4

Role of RhoC in adhesion regulation. Cell–matrix adhesion: RhoGEF TEM4 [106], Caveolin-1 [129,130,131], and NOX4 [134] regulate the activity of RhoC that, in turn, activates ROCK [106], integrin α5β1 [132, 133], and Caveolin-2 [128]. These factors respectively weaken the adhesion between cells and matrix, increase the adhesion cycle, and promote cell migration behavior127