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Table 1 The expression, biological function, and mechanism of Sestrin2 in cancers

From: A paradoxical role for sestrin 2 protein in tumor suppression and tumorigenesis

Tumor

Cell type/model

Sestrin2 expression

Biological function of Sestrin2

Mechanism

References

CRC

CRC patients:279

Down

Suppressor gene

Suppresses tumor invasion and metastasis

N/A

[30]

Human CRC cells (HT-29, SW480, SW620 and LoVo)

Prognostic factor for CRC

A mouse xenograft model

Suppresses CRC xenografts growth

CRC

Oncomine analysis

Down

Suppressor gene

Inhibits colitis and colon carcinogenesis

Inhibited ER stress and mTORC1

[33]

SGC

Eyelid SGC tumour:20

Down

Suppressor gene

Correlate with tumor differentiation and upper eyelid involvement

N/A

[34]

NB

50 NB (GEO ID: GSE12460)

Down

N/A

Correlate with prognosis

Through Sestrin2/mTORC1 pathway

[35]

Participates in the regulation of autophagy by LSD1

Bladder cancer

Bladder cancer patients:10

Down

Suppressor gene

Participates in isorhapontigenin-induced autophagy

Via a MAPK8-JUN-Sestrin2-dependent manner

[36]

Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer cells (LNCaP clone FGC, DU145, PC3)

Down

Suppressor gene

Inhibits cell proliferation and increases radiosensitization

N/A

[37]

SCC and Melanoma

SCC, malignant melanoma, and metastatic melanoma samples

Up

Oncogene

Inhibits apoptosis, induces drug resistance

Activates AKT through a PTEN dependent manner

[38]

Human squamous carcinoma cell (A431), human amelanotic melanoma cells (A375, MEL624)

A431, A375/xenograft tumor model

Metastatic melanoma

Metastatic melanoma tissue microarray: 45

Up

Oncogene

Serve as a predictor of poor prognosis

Reduces intracellular ROS

[39]

Metastatic melanoma cells (A375, A2058, UACC257,451Lu and HTB67)

Promotes anoikis resistance and distant metastasis

A2058/xenograft tumor model

EC

Endometrial cancer: 6

Up

N/A

Relates to the overall survival and disease-free survival

Dependent on the mTORC1 pathway

[40]

UCEC and the Human Protein Atlas database

Human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells (HEC-1A, Ishikawa)

 

Inhibits proliferation, migration and ROS production

HEC-1A/xenograft tumor model

 

suppresses tumor growth

NSCLC

NSCLC patients:210

Down

Suppressor gene

Associates with tumor differentiation, advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and overall survival; a favorable prognostic factor

N/A

[42]

Lung cancer

Lung cancer patients:77

Down:57

Up:20

suppressor gene

The low expression level of Sestrin2 associates with the poor survival

Suppresses Akt-mTOR-p70S6K signaling pathway

[43]

Human lung adenocarcinoma cell (A549); human bronchial epithelial cell (BEAS-2B)

 

Suppresses the cell proliferation, migration, malignant transformation

BEAS-2B cell/xenograft tumor model

Suppresses the xenograft tumor growth in nude mice

Lung cancer

Oncomine and the Human Protein Atlas database

Up

Oncogene

Overexpressed Sestrin2 has a poor prognostic value

N/A

[44]

Human lung adenocarcinoma cell (A549)

 

Promotes cell proliferation, migration, sphere formation, and drug resistance

Lung cancer

GEO (GSE 11969) and TCGA database

Up

Oncogene

The low expression of Sestrin2 showed longer survival

N/A

[45]

HCC

HCC patients:15

Down

suppressor gene

Associates with HBV/HCV infection, lymph node metastasis, tumor progression, and poor prognosis

N/A

[48]

HCC

HCC patients:14

Down

N/A

Participates in muscone-induced apoptosis and autophagy

Promotes cell apoptosis by PERK /ATF4/DDIT3 mediated ER stress; induces autophagy by Sestrin2/AMPK/mTORC1 pathway

[49]

HCC

HCC patients:30

Up

Oncogene

Correlates with proliferation marker Ki-67

Activates AKT and AMPK pathways

[31]

HCC cell lines (Bel‐7404, HLF, HLE, SNU‐368, and Hep3B)

promotes cell proliferation and sorafenib resistance, inhibits apoptosis