Fig. 1

Chemotherapeutic drug ADM induced autophagy and apoptosis in acute leukemia cells. A ADM damaged both Jurkat and HL-60 cells dose-dependently. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to assess the Cell viability. B Western blotting was used to detect the expression of LC3II/I and P62 in which β-actin was loading control. Both (b2-b3) and (b5-b6) diagrams are the quantitative data of LC3II/I and P62 in Jurkat and HL-60 cells. C Both Jurkat and HL-60 cells that stably expressed mRFP-EGFP-LC3 fusion protein were co-cultured with ADM for 24 h. Confocal microscopic analysis is shown with 630× magnification. Bar = 10 μm, autophagic lysosomes are shown at the red arrow. D Western blotting was used to detect the expression of total PAPR, Bcl 2, Bax and cleaved caspase 3 to analyze the level of apoptosis. (d1–d2) Were the diagrams of the quantitative data of cleaved caspase 3 in both leukemia cells. E HMGB1 was released when leukemia cells treated with ADM. HMGB1 Elisa kit was applied to assess the supernatant of different group. Data are the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, compared with the untreated group. ADM, Adriamycin