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Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of the Included Studies

From: Prognostic biomarkers of malignant patients with pleural effusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study

Year

Country

Age

Sex

Sample size

Follow-up (months)

Cancer type

Outcome

Sahn et al

1988

USA

60.0 ± 1.9

Mixed (53.33% male)

60

37

Mixed (not specified)

OS

Panadero et al

1989

Spain

NA

NA

50

28

Pleural metastatic carcinoma

OS

Foresti et al

1990

Italy

64.8 ± 17.7

Mixed (44.44% male)

36

27

Mixed (lung, breast, mesothelioma, and others)

OS

Gottehrer et al

1991

USA

NA

NA

26

7

MPM

OS

Sugiura et al

1997

Japan

NA

Mixed (67.51% male)

62

54

NSCLC

OS

Moragón et al

1998

Spain

60 ± 13

Mixed (45% male)

120

median 9

Mixed (NSCLC, breast, lymphoma, and others)

OS

Burrows et al

2000

USA

62(24–84)

Mixed (50% male)

85

53

Mixed (lung, breast, mesothelioma, and others)

OS

Heffner et al

2000

USA

61 ± 13

Mixed (50% male)

417

36

Mixed (lung, breast, unknown primary, mesothelioma, and others)

OS

Chen et al

2001

China

67.9 ± 11.2

Mixed (71.29% male)

202

49

Lung cancer

OS

Thyle´n et al

2001

Sweden

NA

Mixed (97% male)

100

100

MPM

OS

Bernard et al

2002

France

65 ± 11

Mixed (45.71% male)

70

 > 3

Mixed (breast, unknown, lung, and others)

OS

Eitan et al

2005

USA

55 (26–88)

NA

97

150

Optimally debulked ovarian carcinoma

PFS

Aelony et al

2006

USA

NA

Mixed (92.31% male)

26

18

MPM

OS

Aoe et al

2006

Japan

69(22–95)

Mixed (72.55% male)

102

22

Lung cancer

OS

Soh et al

2006

Japan

NA

Mixed (65.6% male)

61

30

Lung cancer

OS

Bielsa et al

2008

Spain

67 ± 13

Mixed (52.82% male)

284

40

Mixed (lung, breast, unknown, and others)

OS

Wu et al

2008

China

63.4 (37.5–85.4)

Mixed (38.97% male)

136

27

Lung adenocarcinoma

OS

Hsu et al

2009

China

63(27–80)

Mixed (51.5% male)

97

49

NSCLC

OS

Wu et al

2009

China

NA

Mixed (58.33% male)

60

36

Lung cancer

OS

Kotyza et al

2010

Czech Republic

63 ± 11

Mixed (70.73% male)

164

36

Lung cancer

OS

Lan et al

2010

China

59 ± 16

Mixed (55% male)

44

36

Mixed (lung, breast, hepatoma and others)

OS

Ozyurtkan et al

2010

Turkey

59 ± 14

Mixed (56% male)

85

52

Mixed (mesothelioma, lung, ovary, breast, and others)

OS

Pilling et al

2010

UK

60 (26–89)

Mixed (38.85% male)

278

71

Mixed (breast, mesothelioma, lung, ovarian, and others)

OS

Tanrikulu et al

2010

Turkey

NA

Mixed (59.8% male)

363

54

MPM

OS

Hirayama et al

2010

Japan

69.17 ± 9.64

Mixed (82.6% male)

54

20

MPM

OS

Park et al

2011

South Korea

68.3 ± 15.0

Mixed (65.67% male)

67

36

Lung cancer

OS

Sakr et al

2011

France

Median 61

Mixed (46.7% male)

107

120

Mixed (lung, melanoma, breast, ovarian and others)

OS

Yamada et al

2011

Japan

66.16 ± 10.05

Mixed (68.9% male)

45

73

MPM

OS

Guo et al

2011

China

64.5 ± 9.8

Mixed (53.13% male)

128

28

Lung adenocarcinoma

OS

Hooper et al

2012

UK

73(39–96)

Mixed (62.14% male)

103

6

Mixed (mesothelioma, lung, breast, ovarian, and others)

OS

Maribel et al

2012

spain

63(53.2–80.0)

Mixed (66.7% male)

30

40

Lung adenocarcinoma

OS

Qian et al

2012

China

NA

Mixed (60.76% male)

79

18

Lung adenocarcinoma

OS

Qian et al

2012

China

NA

Mixed (61% male)

103

7

Lung adenocarcinoma

PFS

Wang et al

2012

China

NA

Mixed (41.85% male)

184

29

NSCLC

OS

Cheng et al

2013

China

NA

Mixed (63.38% male)

71

60

Lung cancer

OS

Faiz et al

2013

USA

65(17–85)

Mixed (54.95% male)

111

172

Acute leukemia

OS

Gorgun et al

2013

Turkey

60.20 ± 13.91

Mixed (57% male)

51

27

Mixed (lung, breast, pancreas, and others)

OS

Park et al

2013

Korea

68.3 ± 15.0

Mixed (66.25% male)

80

35

Lung cancer

OS

Wu et al

2013

China

27.9–95.5

Mixed (45.5% male)

448

81

Lung adenocarcinoma

OS

Anevlavis et al

2014

Greece

69 (37–93)

Mixed (53% male)

90

56

Mixed (breast, mesothelioma, gastrointestinal, and others)

OS

Clive et al

2014

UK

53–80

Mixed (53.6% male)

789

33

Mixed (mesothelioma, hematological malignancy, gynecological malignancy, breast, and others)

OS

Ni et al

2014

China

31–81

Mixed (47% male)

75

45

NSCLC

OS

Xu et al

2014

China

56.3 ± 12.5

Mixed (46.15% male)

78

16

Lung cancer

OS

Zhang et al

2014

China

64(36–84)

Mixed (51% male)

85

30

NSCLC

OS

Zhang et al

2014

China

Median 64

Mixed (65.7% male)

70

36

Lung cancer

OS

Abrao et al

2015

Brazil

59.6 (11.8)

Mixed (29.07% male)

86

1

Mixed (lung, breast, gastrointestinal, and others)

OS

Gkiozos et al

2015

Greece

NA

Mixed (75.2% male)

40

44

NSCLC

OS

PFS

Porcel et al

2015

Spain

58–78

Mixed (77% male)

556

30

Lung cancer

OS

Xu et al

2015

China

58.3 ± 13.7

Mixed (54.08% male)

98

100

Lung cancer

OS

Zamboni et al

2015

Brazil

60.0 (1.0–95.0)

Mixed (47% male)

165

100

Mixed (ovary, breast, lymphoma, lung, and others)

OS

Zhao et al

2015

China

NA

Mixed (48.8% male)

43

30

Lung adenocarcinoma

PFS

Abrao et al

2016

Brazil

60 (24–86)

Mixed (31.25% male)

64

6

Mixed (lung, breast, gastrointestinal, and others)

OS

Hsu et al

2016

China

Median 57

Mixed (59% male)

61

59

Mixed (lung, breast, and others)

OS

Kasapoglu et al

2016

Turkey

64 (30–85)

Mixed (76% male)

199

60

Lung cancer

OS

Psallidas et al

2016

UK

NA

NA

75

28

Mixed (not specified)

OS

Tamiya et al

2016

Greece

68 (49–83)

Mixed (69.9% male)

23

47

NSCLC

OS

PFS

Terra et al

2016

USA

58.9 ± 12

Mixed (28.21% male)

156

40

Mixed (breast, lung, lymphoma, and others)

OS

Usui et al

2016

Japan

NA

Mixed (80% male)

25

50

NSCLC

OS

PFS

Verma et al

2016

Singapore

71 (38–92)

Mixed (51% male)

71

49

Lung adenocarcinoma

OS

Yang et al

2016

China

38–75

Mixed (48.7% male)

78

32

Lung cancer

OS

Amn et al

2017

Indonesia

17–85

Mixed (44% male)

102

27

Mixed (lung, breast, lymphoma, and others)

OS

Lee et al

2017

South Korea

NA

Mixed (51.3% male)

158

72

Lung cancer

OS

Lu et al

2017

China

59.34 ± 1.56

Mixed (65.71% male)

70

264

NSCLC

OS

Yang et al

2017

Korea

71 (42–94)

Mixed (37.5% male)

40

40

Lung adenocarcinoma

PFS

Zheng et al

2017

China

NA

Mixed (46.1% male)

128

55

NSCLC

OS

PFS

Abisheganaden et al

2018

Singapore

72(38–92)

Mixed (53% male)

70

20

Lung adenocarcinoma

OS

Elena et al

2018

Spain

61.6 ± 11.2

Mixed (56% male)

84

14

Mixed (breast, mesothelioma, and lung cancer)

OS

Han et al

2018

Korea

70 ± 11

Mixed (65% male)

131

84

Mixed (lung, breast, ovary, lymphoma, and others)

OS

Jeba et al

2018

India

median 53

Mixed (29% male)

48

70

Mixed (lung, breast, gastrointestinal, and others)

OS

Lim et al

2018

Korea

68(35–92)

Mixed (55.3% male)

217

32

NSCLC

OS

PFS

Porcel et al

2018

Spain

52–76

Mixed (57% male)

24

70

diffuse large B-cell lymphomas

OS

Psallidas et al

2018

UK

NA

NA

232

133

MPE

OS

Wu et al

2018

China

44(28–50)

Mixed (51% male)

142

45

Lung adenocarcinoma

OS

Xu et al

2018

China

62(40–78)

Mixed (50% male)

40

43

MPM

OS

Foote et al

2019

USA

61.44 ± 15.36

Mixed (41% male)

686

83

Mixed (lung, breast, gynecologic, lymphoma, and others)

OS

Kleontas et al

2019

United Kingdom

61.0 ± 10.9

Mixed (92.5% male)

40

41

Lung cancer

OS

Tian et al

2019

China

59.7 ± 9.12

Mixed (46% male)

160

25

Mixed (lung, breast, esophageal, gastric, and mesothelioma)

OS

Wang et al

2019

China

NA

Mixed (88% male)

295

84

Lung adenocarcinoma

OS

Martin et al

2020

UK

71(69–74)

Mixed (67% male)

97

75

Mixed (mesothelioma, lung, breast, genitourinary, and others)

OS

Quek et al

2020

Singapore

65(56–71)

Mixed (59% male)

130

14

Mixed (lung, mesothelioma, breast, gastrointestinal, and others)

OS

Shi et al

2020

China

65(55–73)

Mixed (51.3% male)

193

65

Mixed (lung, mesothelioma, and others)

OS

Stockhammer et al

2020

Germany

73.7 ± 8.6

Mixed (88% male)

48

40

MPM

OS

  1. NA not available, NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer, MPM malignant pleural mesothelioma, OS overall survival, PFS progression-free survival