Fig. 3

NAMPTi, PARPi and immunotherapy. Under IFN-γ stimulation, JAK/STAT/ interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF1) signal axis positively mediates PD-L1 expression. Inhibition of NAMPT can reduce the expression of downstream STAT1 molecules, indicating the prospect of NAD complementary therapy and immune checkpoint blocking therapy. Under the action of PARP inhibitors, the content of dsDNA in the cytoplasmic is increased, which activates the cGAS/STING pathway and leads to the generation of type 1 interferon (IFN) reaction, which on the one hand, enhances the relevant chemokines and leads to the accumulation of T cells; on the other hand, increases the expression of PD-L1 and leads to the depletion of T cells. This adverse effect can be eliminated by PD-1/PD-L1 blockade