Table 2 A summary of the cancer types, and features that affects response to ICIs
Cancer type | Features | Microsatellite instability/deficient mismatch repair | Cold vs hot | Clinical trials | Outcomes/response | Approved commercial products |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Head and Neck Cancer | Squamous cell carcinoma, usually arises in the mucosal lining | Can occur in a subset of cases | Hot | Various clinical trials ongoing | Response to treatment depends on stage and other factors | Cetuximab, Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Durvalumab |
Lung Cancer | Non-small cell carcinoma, usually arises in the lung tissue | Can occur in a subset of cases | Hot | Various clinical trials ongoing | Response to treatment depends on stage and other factors | Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Atezolizumab, Durvalumab |
Melanoma | Malignant tumor of melanocytes, usually arises in the skin | Can occur in a subset of cases | Hot | Various clinical trials ongoing | Response to treatment depends on stage and other factors | Ipilimumab, Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Dabrafenib, Trametinib |
Renal cell carcinoma | Arises in the cells lining the small tubes in the kidney | Can occur in a subset of cases | Cold | Various clinical trials ongoing | Response to treatment depends on stage and other factors | Nivolumab, Cabozantinib, Pazopanib, Bevacizumab |
Pancreatic cancer | Arises in the cells lining the ducts of the pancreas | Usually not associated with MSI/dMMR | Cold | Various clinical trials ongoing | Response to treatment depends on stage and other factors | Abraxane, Gemcitabine, FOLFIRINOX, Onivyde, Erlotinib |
Breast cancer | Arises in the breast tissue | Can occur in a subset of cases | Hot | Various clinical trials ongoing | Response to treatment depends on stage and other factors | Tamoxifen, Anastrozole, Fulvestrant, Palbociclib |
Prostate cancer | Arises in the prostate gland | Usually not associated with MSI/dMMR | Cold | Various clinical trials ongoing | Response to treatment depends on stage and other factors | Leuprolide, Enzalutamide, Abiraterone, Apalutamide |
Glioblastoma | Aggressive tumor of the brain, arises from glial cells | Usually not associated with MSI/dMMR | Cold | Various clinical trials ongoing | Response to treatment depends on stage and other factors | Temozolomide, Bevacizumab, Lomustine, Carmustine |