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Table 2 Summary of mechanisms underlying RGS proteins in cancers

From: RGS proteins and their roles in cancer: friend or foe?

RGS proteins

Mechanism/Signaling pathway

Cancers (Reference)

RGS2

MCPIP1-dependent pathway

Breast cancer [84]

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)

Prostate cancer [137]

RGS4

Posttranslational regulation

Breast cancer [126]

RGS6

SNP (rs2074647)

Bladder cancer [15]

p53 activation and DNMT1 downregulation

Bladder cancer [104]

DNA-damage-induced apoptotic signaling

Breast cancer [105]

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling

Breast cancer [115]

Mitochondrial-dependent pathway

Breast cancer [135]

Interaction with SMAD4

Non-small cell lung cancers [106]

A reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanism

- (MEFs)[142]

RGS10

AKT signaling

Ovarian cancer [75]

Rheb-GTP and mTOR signaling

Ovarian cancer [130]

RGS12

Phosphorylation and SUMOylation of PTEN

Oral cancer [112]

RGS17

A target of miR-32

Breast cancer [128]

A target of miR-199

Hepatocellular carcinoma [120]

Cyclic AMP-PKA-CREB pathway

Lung and prostate cancer [138]

RGS19

Cell cycle control and AKT signaling

- (HEK293 cells) [131]

RGS20

NF-kappaB signaling

Bladder cancer [136]

PI3K/AKT signaling

Penile cancer [141]