Antitumor mechanisms and future clinical applications of the natural product triptolide

Table 2 Targets of TPL in different cancers

Cell Death	Target	Cancer Types	References
Apoptosis	NF-κB, p53	Pancreatic Cancer, Gastric Cancer, Hepatoma, Lung Cancer	[51,52,53,54,55,56,57]
	STAT3	Multiple Myeloma, Non-small Cell Lung Cancer	[60, 61]
	PUM1	Pancreatic Cancer	[65]
	Akt/Hdn2	Prostate Cancer	[64]
	MDM2, p85	Breast Cancer	[93, 94]
	CaMKKβ/Ampk	Lung Cancer	[95, 96]
	P53, caspase3, caspase9	Gastric Cancer	[97,98,99]
	CDKN1A, C-jun, NF-κB, p65	Thyroid Cancer	[100]
	HSP70	Pancreatic Cancer	[101]
	Sp1, HSP70	Pancreatic Cancer	[102]
	miR-142-3p, HSP70	Pancreatic Cancer	[103]
	DcR3	Pancreatic Cancer	[104]
	DcR3, MTA1	Oral Cancer	[105]
	E2F	Colon Cancer	[85]
Autophagy	CaMK1-AMPK, mTOR, ULK1, Beclin1	Prostate Cancer, Neuroblastoma	[106,107,108]
	JAK2/STAT3	Ovarian Cancer	[62]
	TRAIL, DR5, p27	Prostate Cancer	[65, 66]
Pyroptosis	c-myc, HK-II, GSDME	Head and neck squamous cancer	[109]
Ferroptosis	Nrf-2, GPX4, SLC7A11	Leukemia	[110,111,112]

ISSN: 1475-2867