Figure 1

MG132 + DOX induces a decrease in viability and proliferation in U937 cells. U937 cells were treated with MG132 proteasome inhibitor (1 μM), Doxorubicin (DOX) 1 μM, and MG132 + DOX. U937 cells (2 × 10⁴) were incubated in the presence of different treatments for 18, 24, 36, and 48 h at 37°C in a humid atmosphere containing 5% CO₂ and 95% air in RPMI-S culture medium. Subsequently, WST-1 was added and the cells were incubated for 3 h; then, viability was assessed by measuring the Optical density (OD) at 490 nm. The OD value of the Untreated control group (UCG) was taken as 100% cell viability (a). After 24 h, morphological changes were observed, U937 cells were stained with blue trypan or fixed and stained with Wright on cover-glass slides and observed under a light microscope with zoom lens of 4X to 40X using a Leica DMLB microscope (b). After 72 h, proliferation was assessed using BrdU (c). The results represent the mean ± the Standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. Statistical analysis, the Mann–Whitney U test. *p <0.05 MG132, DOX, or MG132 + DOX vs the Untreated control group (UCG); ●p <0.05 MG132 + DOX vs all groups; ♦p <0.05 DOX, MG132, or MG132 + DOX vs the UCG.