Figure 7

Glutamate antagonists reduced spontaneous Ca²⁺oscillations observed during the migration process. Typical individual responses of spontaneous Ca²⁺ oscillations before and after addition of glutamate antagonists are presented. In the presence of the ionotropic NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist MK801 (top), or ionotropic AMPA/kainate glutamate receptor antagonist CNQX (middle), or metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist AP3 (bottom), the frequencies of Ca²⁺ oscillations were reduced. Insets: Data are mean ± SEM of the number of Ca²⁺ spikes displayed during a 15 min observation period from 3 to 7 independent experiments with 30 to 67 cells analyzed per condition, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0001.