Factors | Functions | References |
---|---|---|
VEGF | Increased vascular permeability | [5] |
Endothelial sprouting | [36] | |
EC proliferation and migration | [10, 35] | |
EC assembly | [40] | |
iNO | Increased vascular permeability | [35] |
Angiopoietin-2 | Endothelial sprouting | [36] |
PDGF | Pericyte recruiting | [9, 56] |
EC proliferation and migration | [3, 40] | |
MMPs | Degradation of extracellular matrix | [5] |
Tie2 | Form the blood vessels | [40] |
TGF-beta | Increased EC differentiation formation of vascular structure | [35, 40] |
Formed vascular structure | [10, 40] | |
VEGFR2 | Stimulate endothelial cell mitogenesis and cell migration | [3, 10] |
Enhances microvascular permeability | [5, 56] | |
Endothelin | Regulates local vascular tone and integrity | [10, 40] |
Influences EC growth and survival | [5] | |
IL-8 | Increased vascular permeability | [5] |
EC proliferation and migration | [25] | |
Endothelial sprouting | [36] | |
Thrombospondin | Antiangiogenic, inhibiting the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells | [95, 96] |