Fig. 1
Effects of h-TGF-β1 on KKU-M213 cell migration and invasion. KKU-M213 cells were pre-treated with 5 ng/mL h-TGF-β1 with or without 10 µM SB431542 in 0.1% FBS media for 24 h before assaying for migration and invasion by wound healing and Transwell invasion technique respectively. In the wound healing assay, after creating the wound, cells were allowed to migrate for 24 h into the wound area using the same media as in pre-treatment condition (a). The area between the two dotted lines of each image (a) represents the wound area at 0 and 24 h. In the invasion assay, cells (105) in the same media as those of pre-treated condition were plated onto the upper compartment of a Matrigel-coated Transwell and allowed to invade for 6 h, and invaded cells attached underneath of the membrane were stained with 5% crystal violet and counted (b). Graphs are presented as mean ± SEM of fold change in wound closure area quantitated by Image J program, or in numbers of invaded cells compared to controls (2100 ± 410 invaded cells/well) from at least three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001