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Table 4 New therapeutic agents used for osteosarcoma by targeting osteoclasts and immune system based on the clinical trials (Niche cells and their signalling), data provided from https://clinicaltrials.gov

From: Novel molecular insights and new therapeutic strategies in osteosarcoma

Status

Conditions

Interventions

Phase

Last update posted

Recruiting

Osteosarcoma

Drug: Avelumab (monoclonal antibody)

Phase 2

June 25, 2018

Recruiting

Osteosarcoma

Drug: Pembrolizumab (IgG4 isotype antibody)

Phase 2

April 5, 2018

Recruiting

Metastatic osteosarcoma

Drug: Sm-EDTMP

Other: Autologous stem cell infusion

Radiation: External beam radiotherapy

Phase 2

February 14, 2018

Unknown

Osteosarcoma

Drug: Zoledronic acid (type of drug: bisphosphonates; target: Osteoclasts)

Drug: Standard chemotherapy

Phase 2

Phase 3

June 23, 2011

Active, not recruiting

Recurrent osteosarcoma

Drug: Glembatumumab Vedotin

Antibody–drug conjugate

Other: Laboratory biomarker analysis

Other: Pharmacological study

Phase 2

May 7, 2018

Completed

Osteosarcoma

Drug: Cisplatin

Drug: Doxorubicin

Drug: Methotrexate

Administration of Pamidronate (drug type: bisphosphonates; target: osteoclasts) with chemotherapy

Phase 2

January 20, 2016

Recruiting

Recurrent osteosarcoma

Biological: Humanized anti-GD2 antibody (drug type: monoclonal antibody; target: immune system)

Drug: GM-CSF

Phase 2

August 2, 2018

Active, not recruiting

Childhood osteosarcoma

Metastatic osteosarcoma

Recurrent osteosarcoma

(and 3 more…)

Biological: Denosumab (drug type: monoclonal antibody; target: RANKL)

Phase 2

August 7, 2018

Completed

Sarcoma

Zoledronic acid (type of drug: bisphosphonates; target: osteoclasts

Drug: cisplatin

Drug: Dexrazoxane hydrochloride

Drug: doxorubicin hydrochloride

(and 10 more…)

Phase 1

July 4, 2014

Completed

Neuroblastoma

Melanoma

Osteosarcoma

Ewing sarcoma

Biological: Anti-GD2 antibody (drug type: monoclonal antibody; target: immune system)

Phase 1

 

Terminated

Sarcoma

Zoledronic acid (type of drug: bisphosphonates; target: osteoclasts

Drug: Cisplatin

Drug: Doxorubicin hydrochloride

Drug: Etoposide

(and 4 more…)

Phase 3

June 22, 2016

Recruiting

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor

Disseminated neuroblastoma

Metastatic osteosarcoma

(and 2 more…)

Biological: IL-2

Biological: GD2Bi-aATC (drug type: cells

Biological: GM-CSF

Evaluations of immune responses

Phase 1

Phase 2

December 4, 2017

Completed

Osteosarcoma

Drug: c (type of target: Monocyte/macrophage activator glycopeptide)

Drug: Ifosfamide

Phase 2

March 22, 2017

Not yet recruiting

Bone sarcoma

Soft tissue sarcoma

Biological: NY-ESO-1 (target: immunotherapy; TCR affinity enhancing specific T cell therapy)

Phase 2

March 16, 2018

 

Ewing sarcoma

Osteosarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Biological: Expanded, activated NK cells

Phase 1

Phase 2

November 6, 2017

Active, not recruiting

Soft tissue sarcoma

Bone sarcoma

Drug: Pembrolizumab: MK-3475 (cancer immunotherapy: target: PD-1 )

Phase 2

July 25, 2018

Recruiting

Recurrent malignant solid neoplasm

Recurrent osteosarcoma

Refractory malignant solid neoplasm

Refractory osteosarcoma

Biological: Anti-SEMA4D monoclonal antibody VX15/2503

Phase 1

Phase 2

August 9, 2018

Recruiting

Ewing sarcoma

Osteosarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Biological: Expanded, activated NK cells (target: Immune system)

Phase 1

Phase 2

November 6, 2017

Completed

Sarcoma

Osteosarcoma

Neuroblastoma

Melanoma

Biological: Anti-GD2-CAR engineered T cells

Drug: AP1903

Drug: Cyclophosphamide

Phase 1

July 6, 2018

Recruiting

Ewing sarcoma

Neuroblastoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

(and 2 more…)

Procedure: Allogeneic HCT

Drug: Donor NK Cell Infusion (target: immune system)

Phase 2

June 1, 2018

Active, not recruiting

Neuroblastoma

Ewing sarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

(and 2 more…)

Procedure: haploidentical stem cell transplantation and NK cell therapy (target: Immune system)

Phase 2

October 18, 2016

Recruiting

Neuroblastoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Osteosarcoma

(and 3 more…)

Drug: Enoblituzumab (monoclonal antibody)

Phase 1

August 7, 2018

Not yet recruiting

Soft tissue sarcoma

Bone sarcoma

Chondrosarcoma

(and 5 more…)

Drug: Ipilimumab (Drug type: monoclonal antibody; target: CTLA-4 receptor)

Drug: Nivolumab (IgG4 anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody; target: PD-1

Phase 2

November 1, 2017