Fig. 5

Wound healing, Transwell, colony formation in vitro, and xenograft tumours in vivo, and MMP-2, and MMP-9 protein expression. a Representative phase-contrast images of wound-healing assay show that migration activity of ZJU-0430 was greater than that of GBC-SD cells; b transwell assay (with or without Matrigel) was performed, and the number of ZJU-0430 cells that invaded the basement membrane was significantly more than that of GBC-SD; c ZJU-0430 cells exhibited compromised tumour formation, compared to GBC-SD cells; d Tumorigenicity of ZJU-0430 cells in nude mice. Tumour development was observed in both mice and gross examination found the tumour to be round or oval and often accompanied by mucus production. e H&E analysis showed that the atypia of tumour cells was obvious and when arranged with a small strip of cord, they formed glands as seen under the microscope. MMP-2 protein was positively expressed in the xenograft of nude mice, with negative MMP-9 protein expression