|
MYC
|
Polyamine biosynthase genes(ODC1, AMD1, AZIN1, DHPS, EIF5A, MAT1B, SMS, SMOX, SRM); Polyamine transporters SLC3A2; eIF5A; arginase
|
Polyamine catabolism enzyme genes (OAZ1,OAZ2, OAZ3, PAOX and SAT1)
|
Activation
|
Polyamines promote the translation and expression of MYC
|
|
P53
|
SSAT
|
Urea cycle enzyme genes (CPS1, OTC and ARG1); ODC
|
Suppression
|
Polyamine depletion could increase the expression of p53.Spermine may activate p53 transcription by inducing autophagy
|
|
RAS
|
ODC
|
Caveolin-1, SSAT
|
Activation
| |
|
RAF
|
Polyamine transport system
| | |
Polyamines can change the phosphorylation of RAF through casein kinase 2 (CK2), thus acting as inhibitors (spermine) or activators (spermidine or putrescine combined with spermine) of Raf
|
|
MEK
| | | |
Cellular polyamines regulate the expression of MEK-1 at the post transcriptional level through the RNA binding protein HuR in IECs
|
|
AKT
| | | |
The ODC inhibition and SSAT expression can block the activity of AKT/GSK3-β/β-catenin pathway
|
|
MTOR
|
MTORC1 can maintain the stability of ODC mRNA and increase the activity of AdoMetDC
|
In the absence of amino acids, the activity of mTORC2 is necessary for the synthesis of AZ
|
Activation
|
In the absence of amino acids, polyamines increase mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity
|
|
Rac/RhoA
| | | |
Polyamine depletion leads to localization of Rac1 and RhoA in the nucleus and perinuclear region, which reduces their activity
|
|
JUN/FOS
|
ODC、MAT2
| |
Activation
| |
|
LIN28
| | | |
Polyamines can regulate LIN28 via the tyrosine-modified eIF-5A
|
