Fig. 4
Lonidamine synergizes with M1 virus to induce tumor regression in vivo. a Schematic of the in vivo experiment. In brief, HCT 116 tumor cells were inoculated in the hind flanks of nude mice. Six days later, tumors were visible, and the mice were randomly grouped and treated for seven days with different agents: control, M1 virus (i.v., 2 × 106 pfu/animal), lonidamine (i.p., 10 mg/kg/animal), and lonidamine plus M1 virus. Tumors were measured every other day, and the tumor volumes were calculated by the following formula: (length × width2)/2. n = 6. b, c Tumor volume and mouse weight curves. Statistical analysis was performed by repeated measures ANOVA. d, e At the experimental endpoint, tumors in each group were excised from mice, the expression of Ki-67 in tumors was detected by IHC staining, and the IHC staining intensity was analyzed with ImageScope. n = 3, Scale bars, 100 μm. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s tests for pairwise comparisons. The error bars indicate the mean ± SD values from different mice. ns nonsignificant; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001