Fig. 1

ROC1 induction of bladder cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. a, b Cell viability CCK8 assay. Stable ROC1-overexpressed bladder cancer 5637 (a) and T24 (b) cells and transient ROC1 siRNA-transfected 5637 (a) and T24 (b) cells were grown and subjected to the cell viability assay. c, d Colony formation assay. Stable ROC1-overexpressed bladder cancer 5637 (c) and T24 (d) cells and transient ROC1 siRNA-transfected 5637 (c) and T24 (d) cells were grown and subjected to the tumor cell colony formation assay. e Nude mouse orthotopic tumor cell xenograft assay. Mice were inoculated with the pROC1- or pCONT-transfected bladder cancer T24 cells and monitored with an in vivo imaging system (the blue-to-red color represents the low-to-high intensity of tumor burden) over the time period of the experiment. f Quantitation of the fluorescence intensity in mice after they were injected with pROC1- or pCONT-transfected cells. g Western blot. Tumor xenografts were taken and subjected to western blot analysis of ROC1 protein. h Immunohistochemistry. Tumor xenografts were taken and subjected to immunohistochemistry. Cells with a brown color were considered immunopositive. Representative results of three independent experiments are shown as means ± SEM; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Scale bar, 50 µm