Table 1 Leading OV candidates applied in clinical trials
OV type | Genome structure | OV mutant | Genetic modification | Clinical application | Administration approach |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HSV-1 | Double stranded DNA | T-Vec | ICP34.5 and ICP47 deletion GM-CSF insertion | Melanoma, sarcoma, head and neck cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer | Intratumoral |
HF10 | UL43, UL49.5, UL55, UL56, and LAT deletion | Melanoma, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer | Intratumoral | ||
HSV1716 | ICP34.5 mutation | Late-stage pediatric cancers, melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, glioblastoma,mesothelioma, neuroblastoma | Intratumoral, intravenous | ||
Adenovirus | Double stranded DNA | ONYX-15 | E1B55K deletion | Pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer, ovarian cancer | Intratumoral |
H101 | E1B55K & partial E3 deletion, | Head and neck cancer | Intratumoral | ||
LOAd703 | E1ACR2 deletion, E2F-binding sites insertion TMZ-CD40L & 4-1BBL insertion | Pancreatic cancer, melanoma | Intratumoral | ||
VCN-01 | E1ACR2 deletion, E2F-binding sites insertion, PH20 hyaluronidase insertion, RGD insertion in the fibre knob | Head and neck cancer, retinoblastoma, pancreatic cancer | Intratumoral, intravenous, intravitrous | ||
Telomelysin (OBP-301) | hTERT insertion | Solid tumors | Intratumoral | ||
ONCOS-102 | GM-CSF insertion | Peritoneal malignancies, prostate cancer | Intratumoral | ||
Vaccinia virus | Double stranded DNA | Pexa-Vec (JX-594) | thymidine kinase mutation GM-CSF, lacZ insertion | Hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, solid tumors | Intratumoral, intravenous |
GL-ONC1 | Ruc-GFP, lacZ, gusA insertion | Head and neck cancer, ovarian cancer | Intravenous | ||
Parvovirus | Single stranded DNA | H-1PV (ParvOryx) | / | Glioblastoma, pancreatic cancer | Intratumoral, intravenous |
Reovirus | Double stranded RNA | Reolysin® (pelareorep) | / | Melanoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung carcinoma | Intravenous |
Measles virus | Single stranded RNA | MV-NIS | Sodium-iodide symporter insertion | Multiple myeloma | Intravenous |
Coxsackie virus | Single stranded RNA | CAVATAK | / | Melanoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, non-small cell lung carcinoma | Intratumoral |