Fig. 3

Blockage of autophagy flux induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. A ER stress-related proteins GRP78, p-PERK, PERK, p-eif2α, eif2α, and ATF4 and downstream effector proteins associated with apoptosis were detected by western blotting in CARM1-knockdown HGC27 cells and CARM1-overexpressing BGC823 cells. B CARM1-knockdown and control HGC27 cells were treated with rapamycin (50 nM, 24 h) to examine the effect of autophagy induction on ER stress. C CARM1-overexpressing and control BGC823 cells were treated with HCQ (25 μM, 24 h) to evaluate the effect of blocking autophagy process on ER stress. β-Actin was applied as loading controls. Each experiment was repeated three times. Data represent mean values ± SD. *Represents *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001