Fig. 2
From: MUC1 is a potential target to overcome trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer therapy
The intracellular portion of MUC1-CD can interact with multiple signaling molecules such as PI3K p85 subunit and GRB2, activating AKT-mTOR and RAS-RAF-MEK1/2 pathways. The cytoplasmic MUC1-CD can be further translocated into nucleus, where it associates with multiple transcriptional factors or nuclear receptors, such as β-catenin and ERα inducing the expression of targeted genes that are important to tumor cell proliferation or survival