Table 2 List the expression changes and roles of alpha-1-antichymotrypsin in human diseases
Diseases | AACT derived | Abnormal expression of AACT | Roles | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inflammatory diseases | Fibromyalgia | CSF | ↓ | Involve in the inflammatory response and signal transduction | [5] |
Multiple sclerosis | CSF | ↑ | Diagnostic or prognostic indicator | [27] | |
Heart failure | Plasma | ↑ | Therapeutic or diagnostic target | ||
Aortic stenosis | Plasma | ↑ | Indicator for early diagnosis | [6] | |
Active tuberculosis | Serum | ↑ | Use for diagnosis | [30] | |
Neurodegenerative diseases | AD | Serum, CSF | ↑ | Lead to neurofibrillary tangles in AD | |
aMCI | Serum, CSF | ↑ | Biomarker for diagnosing aMCI | [39] | |
Cancer | Ovarian cancer | Serum, ascites | ↑ | Biomarker for diagnosis | |
Prostate cancer | Tissues | ↑ | Increased the rate of prostate diagnosis | ||
glioblastoma | CSF | ↑ | Therapeutic target in GBM | [49] | |
HCC | Tissues | ↓ | Tumor suppressor and as a target for treatment intervention | ||
Pancreatic cancer | Serum | ↑ | Diagnostic or prognostic indicator | ||
|  | Tissues | ↑ |  | ||
Lung cancer | Serum | in early-stage:↓; in late-stage:↑ | Early diagnostic biomarker of NSCLC | ||
|  | Urine | in late-stage: ↑ | Diagnostic biomarker of NSCLC | [71] | |
Colorectal cancer | Tissues | ↓ | Potential biomarker for CRC progression | [74] | |