Fig. 6

Bionic-based drug delivery to CRC affords immune-cell evasion for efficient NP penetration into CRC microenvironment. A Macrophage based drug delivery. a, Schematics of cancer cell-macrophage hybrid membrane camouflaged IR825/Ir ZGGO@SiO2@CMM nanoplatform for resistant CRC therapy. b TEM images of (i) developed nanomaterials and (ii) element mapping images, c The antitumor effect of combined chemo- and photothermal therapy using hybrid camouflaged system on CT26 cancer in mice. Reproduced from [127] with permission. Copyright (2020) American Chemical Society. B Biomimetic recombinant red blood cell membranes for improved photothermal therapy of colon cancer. a The scheme and procedure for the preparation of IR780 loaded reconstitute RBC membrane nanoparticles (IR780@rRBC NPs). b TEM images of IR780@rRBC NPs. c In vivo cellular uptake and immune-cell escape potential of RBC-stealth NPs on Raw264.7 macrophage cells. Reprinted with permission from [130] under Creative Common Attribution License.4.0. Copyright (2021), Springer Nature