Fig. 5

AD-sEV conferred protection and prolonged survival in mice models of colon cancer and melanoma but not in breast cancer. a Extracellular vesicles were isolated from hAEC and their size distribution and expression of CD81and CD63 were assessed by dynamic light scattering assay, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Western blotting Extracellular vesicles uptake assay was performed for 2, 3, 4, and 24 h after extracellular vesicles incubation (10 μg/mL) with CT26 cells. b To show anti-tumor effect of AD-sEV, CT26 cells, 4T1 and B16F10 were incubated with AD-sEV (10 μg/mL) for 2 h at 37 °C and then injected subcutaneously into BALB/c and C57BL/6, respectively. Control mice received tumor cells that were incubated with extracellular vesicle-depleted cell culture medium for the 2 h. c CT26 tumors were established in BALB/c mice and AD-sEV were injected intratumoral when tumors became palpable. Tumor volumes were regularly monitored and calculated by measuring tumor dimensions (L × W) with digital calipers. In the case of survival rate, mice were considered dead when the tumor surface area exceeded 225 mm². Error bars denote mean ± SEM. Asterisks (*) indicate statistical significant differences (*p < 0.05). AD-sEV: AEC-derived extracellular vesicles