Table 2 Primary outcome: Comparison of incidence of cardiotoxicity between ICIS-related therapies and secondary outcomes: Incidence of various heart damages with ICIS-related therapies

Single-ICI vs chemotherapy

1.944

0.800

4.725

16.483

0.142

7

−1.6

Minor

Single-ICI + chemotherapy vs chemotherapy

1.677

1.065

2.640

0.000

0.026

9

−1.77

Minor

Single-ICI + CPA vs CPA

1.877

1.121

3.143

3

Single-ICI + CPE vs CPE

2.666

0.546

13.011

3

Single-ICI + CE vs CE

0.694

0.208

2.310

3

Single-ICI vs dual-ICl

0.478

0.127

1.798

0.000

0.275

4

-1.81

Minor

Secondary outcomes

Incidence

LCI 95%

HCI 95%

I-squared

P-value

Studies included

LFK index

Publication bias

Single-ICI

0.007

0.001

0.015

80.550

–

19

3.96

Major

Single-ICI + chemotherapy

0.019

0.000

0.048

93.165

–

12

3.26

Major

Single-ICI + CPA

0.043

0.000

0.127

6

Single-ICI + CPE

0.008

0.000

0.050

3

Single-ICI + CE

0.004

0.000

0.011

3

Dual-ICl

0.024

0.000

0.068

74.070

–

7

4.28

Major

Cardiotoxicity

0.012

0.004

0.023

87.985

–

38

4.22

Major

SCLC

0.010

0.000

0.024

–

9

–

–

NSCLC

0.013

0.003

0.026

–

29

–

–

Myocarditis

0.003

0.002

0.006

0.000

–

9

2.36

Major

Pericardial effusion

0.011

0.005

0.018

34.818

–

11

3.47

Major

Heart failure

0.006

0.003

0.010

29.494

–

10

4.65

Major

Cardiopulmonary events

0.003

0.001

0.007

9.267

–

5

1.64

Minor

Cardiac arrest

0.006

0.002

0.011

36.093

–

7

2.87

Major

Atrial fibrillation

0.009

0.000

0.031

87.712

–

9

3.74

Major

Arrhythmia

0.014

0.000

0.037

85.284

–

7

4.78

Major

Myocardial infarction

0.006

0.001

0.013

68.248

–

10

2.64

Major