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Fig. 4 | Cancer Cell International

Fig. 4

From: Intracellular and extracellular factors of colorectal cancer liver metastasis: a pivotal perplex to be fully elucidated

Fig. 4

Immune/inflammation response in the tumor Microenvironment. M2 macrophages, inflammatory monocytes, bone marrow-derived macrophages, and dendritic cells cause an immunosuppressive microenvironment. CRC cells with high expression of CXCR4 were activated through the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and secreted exosomal miRNAs (miR-25-3p, miR-130b-3p and miR-425-5p) to promote M2 polarization of M1 macrophages; CRC tissues with high Expressing CCL2 recruited inflammatory monocytes to metastatic sites through the CCL2/CCR2 chemokine axis promoting immunosuppression; suppressor cells such as myeloid-derived macrophages and dendritic cells were predominant during CRLM process

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Cancer Cell International

ISSN: 1475-2867

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