Fig. 1

Effects of ADMA on macrophage number and phagocytic ability. Phagocytosis of fluorescent tumor cells after a 3-day prior ADMA (5 mM) treatment in regular RPMI 1640 medium by RAW264.7 cells (A) or bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) (B). Phagocytosis of fluorescent tumor cells after a 3-day prior ADMA (1 mg/mL) treatment in arginine- and lysine-free RPMI by RAW264.7 cells (C). Effect of the 3-day incubation in ADMA on RAW264.7 cell number in regular RPMI 1640 medium (D) and arginine- and lysine-free RPMI 1640 medium (E). The 3-day ADMA treatment (1 mg/mL) did not enhance arginase activity in RAW264.7 cells, as measured by the production of urea collected in the conditioned medium (F). As ADMA impacts the proliferation (D) and survival (E) of RAW264.7 cells, fluorescent 4T1 cell consumption was further presented as cell number overall (G) and per RAW264.7 cell (H). Data are presented as individual replicates with the mean ± SD. (*p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001), N = 3–5 (A, B); N = 6–7 (C); N = 7 (D); N = 5 (E); N = 16 (F); N = 3–5 (G, H).