Natural essential oils as a new therapeutic tool in colorectal cancer

Table 3 Anti-inflammatory effects of EOs and isolated compounds

EO	Tissue or cells	Results	References
Turmerone	Mouse colon cells	Anti-inflammatory ↓IL-10,↓ IL-11, ↑FOXP3	[164]
EO from leaves, twigs and berries of Pistacia lentiscus	HCT-116	Antibacterial ↓Pro-inflammatory markers ↓NO, ↓PGE2, ↓TNF-α	[165,166,167]
Turmerone Tocotrienol	HT-29 HCT-116	↓Growth of colon cancer cells	[173]
Thymoquinone	COLO-205 HCT-116	↓Phosphorylation of p65 protein ↓NF-κB, ↑Apoptosis	[174]
Nerolidol	HCT-15 HCT-116 DLD-1	↓Pro-inflammatory cytokines ↓TNF-α, ↓IL-1β Antiproliferative	[88]

↑increase, ↓decrease
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor alpha, FOXP3 Forkhead box P3, PGE2 Prostaglandin E2, IL Interleukin, NO Nitric oxide

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