Fig. 3

Effects of chemoradiotherapy on cervical adenocarcinoma cells cultured in 2D and 3D systems. A, B HeLa (A) and HCA-1 (B) cells were cultured with the indicated doses of cisplatin (CDDP) or paclitaxel (PTX). After 48 h, the media were changed and the cells and spheroids were cultured for another 48 h. C, D HeLa (C) and HCA-1 (D) cells were treated with 6 Gy of X-ray and/or CDDP. After 48 h, the media were changed and the cells and spheroids were cultured for another 48 h. (E) Comparison of the effects of CDDP and X-ray in combination with C-ion beam alone in 3D spheroid culture. F, G HeLa (F) and HCA-1 (G) cells were treated with 3 Gy of C-ion beam and/or CDDP. After 48 h, the media were changed and cells and spheroids were cultured for another 48 h. Cell viability was measured using Cell Titer-Glo 3D. The results are shown as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01