Fig. 9

Effect of anti-cancer treatments on cancer cells freshly isolated from patient samples and after one cycle of freezing and thawing. Cancer cells were isolated from fresh patient samples and cultured in three different culturing conditions freshly and after freezing and thawing the cells. Cells were treated with chemotherapy drug cisplatin, targeted therapy drug cetuximab with or without irradiation, and the viability was measured using luminescent cell viability assay. The results were normalized to the control (no treatment) of each experiment. The red line represents the cell viability value of the wells without any treatment. Stars represent significant effect of the treatment compared to control value. Data is presented as mean ± standard deviation of 9–12 wells. *P ≤ 0.05, ** ≤ 0.01, *** ≤ 0.001