Table 1 Multiple gut microbiota involved in ICD induction
From: Stimulators of immunogenic cell death for cancer therapy: focusing on natural compounds
Gut microbiota | ICD hallmarks | Cell line | Outcomes | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Peptidoglycan of L. paracasei subp. paracasei X12 | HMGB1, CRT | HT-29 cells | Decreased tumor development by ICD induction | [146] |
CP-1, uropathogenic Escherichia coli from prostate | HMGB1, CRT, ATP | prostate tumor tissue | Raised the anticancer activity of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy | [147] |
Bacterial ghosts from E. coli Nissle 1917 | HMGB1, ATP, CRT | CT26-CRC cells | OXP’s anticancer activity via ICD induction | [148] |
short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) bacterial metabolites | ANXA1, HMGB1 | DU145 cells | Preventing prostate cancer progression via ICD | [149] |