Fig. 5From: Bladder cancer: therapeutic challenges and role of 3D cell culture systems in the screening of novel cancer therapeuticsMajor differences between two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems of cancer cells. (A) Alignments of cells within the culture vessel. (B) Tabulated summary of the advantages and disadvantages of each system. ECM, extracellular matrixBack to article page