Fig. 5

Cellular synergistic effect of USP21 and YOD1 on cell proliferation and Hippo signaling pathway. A Wound healing assays were conducted in Myc-YOD1-transfected cells alone or in combination with Flag-USP21-transfected cells. The wound area (%) was determined by calculating the remaining wound area compared to the control. The data are presented as means ± SEM (with error bars) from three independent experiments (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, NS = not significant). Scale bars represent 100 μm. B Crystal violet staining was used to analyze the number of colonies in each of the transfected cell lines cultured in 100-mm dishes. The number of colonies was determined as the mean ± SEM (with error bars) from at least three independently repeated experiments (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, NS not significant). C Flow cytometry analysis was conducted using Ki-67 staining to confirm cell proliferation in Myc-YOD1-transfected cells alone or in combination with Flag-USP21-transfected cells. The data are presented as means ± SEM (with error bars) from at least three independent experiments (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, NS not significant)